This special issue aims to reverse the trend of declining case study research, rediscovering and reaffirming the value of case studies on the organization and management of R&D to capture the nuances of this specific function in organizational settings and to provide actionable insights for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers. By bringing practical perspectives back to the forefront with a focus on single and multiple case studies, the special issue aims to reconnect theoretical developments with the direct experiences of companies managing innovation on the ground.